ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ. ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯷ - ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ, ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ, ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯐꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯊꯟꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯃꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯉꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯄꯦꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
꯱.ꯀꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯷꯫
ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯲꯵ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯠꯔꯤ-ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯹꯰ꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯔ ꯕꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯔꯤ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯦ꯫
| ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫ | ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ꯫ |
|---|---|---|
| ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ (ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯟ, ꯐꯦꯜꯗꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔ, ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯔꯇꯁ), ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ, ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯤꯚꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | 25–35% |
| ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ, ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ꯫ | 15–25% |
| ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯟ-ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ, ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫ | 3–8% |
| ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ, ꯐꯣꯝ ꯏꯅꯁꯔꯠ, ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | 8–12% |
| ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯇꯨ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ (ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ), ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ꯫ | 3–8% |
| ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ | 2–8% |
| ꯄꯟꯈꯩ | ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯦꯗ꯫ | 8–20% |
ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ, ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ - ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫
2. ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯃꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ꯫
ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯑꯣꯂꯤꯟ, ꯐꯦꯜꯗꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯔꯇꯁ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ:
- ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ꯫0.5%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯄꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ 1.5–3%ꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯑꯣꯂꯤꯟ-ꯇꯨ-ꯐꯤꯂꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯠꯔꯤꯌꯁ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁ꯫ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ-ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ, ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯡꯕꯒꯤ -ꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯊꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯄꯨꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 1.0mmꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ 0.7mmꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 30% ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯔꯨꯃꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯟꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯀꯪꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ...$8–12ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯜꯗꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ-ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ.
꯳.ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ: ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫
ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯕꯣꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯧꯏ꯫ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫꯱꯲꯶꯰–꯱꯳꯰꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫- ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫꯱꯲꯸꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 45–90 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯅꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 1200ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ 1–3% ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯤ-ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ-ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤ:
- ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯖꯣꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯨꯄꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯗꯤꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯕꯅꯥꯝ ꯁꯇꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ꯫ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫
- ꯁꯇꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯕꯦꯆꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯕꯥ, ꯔꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 20–40% ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫
ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯵–꯸꯫ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ, ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯜꯇꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ: 5%ꯒꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ 5% ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
꯴.ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ: ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫
QCꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯄꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ - 3–8% - ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯇꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤ:
- ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ (ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯔꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ)꯫
- ꯐꯥꯏꯔ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯏꯟꯁꯄꯦꯛꯁꯟ (ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ, ꯋꯥꯔꯄꯦꯖ, ꯋꯥꯜ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ)꯫
- ꯐꯥꯏꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ.꯱꯰꯵꯴꯵-꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯁꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯤꯡ꯫
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ QCꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 0.5%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯨꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ; ꯰.꯲%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯆ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯜ꯫ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯃꯥꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯕꯦꯆ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.
꯵.ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ: ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ꯫
ꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯕꯥ, ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ:
- ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.) ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯷-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ;
- ꯐꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯣꯟ ꯋꯥꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.
- ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯄꯤꯡ;
- ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯀꯅꯐꯤꯒꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯂꯣꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ.
ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤ꯫꯸–꯱꯲%ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯆꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤꯁꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯒꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯒꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯠ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯷ꯀꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯵ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯰.꯳꯰–꯰.꯵꯰꯫ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯪꯏ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯐꯣꯝ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯃꯈꯜ - ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ - ꯀꯀꯊꯠꯂꯨ꯫
꯶.ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ: ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ꯫
ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯌꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ:
- ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯁꯤꯡ꯫ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯐ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ. ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ...ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯱.꯲꯰–꯲.꯰꯰꯫ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯲꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ꯫
- ꯑꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ꯫ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ FOB - ꯑꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯃꯦꯔꯤꯟ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ, ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯔꯃꯤꯅꯦꯜ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯍꯥꯎꯁꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯐꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯲꯴꯰ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯨꯠ ꯴꯰ꯒꯤ HC ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ ꯱꯵–꯱꯶꯫ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯏꯝꯄꯣꯔꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯀꯣꯇꯔꯃꯁ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫ꯇꯔꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯁꯤ FOB vs CIF - ꯅꯠꯇꯦ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ-ꯗꯒꯤ-ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯥꯌꯌꯨ; ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫
꯷.ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ: ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯞ꯫
ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ - ꯇꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ, ꯕꯣꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯖ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ - ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫$6,000–18,000ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯦꯚꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ꯫ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯀꯣꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤ:
- ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯱,꯰꯰꯰ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯱꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ=ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯱꯰.꯰꯰. 5,꯰꯰꯰ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ=ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯲.꯰꯰꯫ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯟꯊꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
- ꯔꯤꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ꯫ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ-ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯤꯠ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯕꯗꯤ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫
ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ - ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ SKU ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
8. ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ: ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ꯫
ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ...10–20%. ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ - ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯦꯗ, ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯟꯇꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ, ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯥꯟꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯤꯠ ꯀꯣꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ; ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯅꯅꯤ:
- ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯥ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁꯕ꯭ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯆ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ (ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯗꯥꯎꯅꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯗꯥꯎꯅꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ)꯫
- ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫
- ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯊꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ꯫
- ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ 3% ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯇꯥ 8%ꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ-ꯔꯦꯠ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ꯫
ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯲꯸ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯳꯰ꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫
꯹.ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯄꯔꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ (ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ)
ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ, ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫. ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ - ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯅꯝꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ, ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ:ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫꯱꯲꯸꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫꯰.꯵%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ(ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯣ. ꯱꯰꯵꯴꯵-꯳), ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ꯫꯰.꯸–꯱.꯰ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ, ꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ, ꯴꯰ꯐꯨꯠ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ.ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯲꯴꯰, ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯱꯵꯰꯰꯫
| ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ꯫ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ | ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ꯫ | ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯟꯒꯗꯕ |
|---|---|---|---|
| ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯞ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ, ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯤꯚꯁꯤꯡ) | $9.50 | 29% | ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯟ, ꯐꯦꯜꯗꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔ, ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯔꯇꯁ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡ꯫ |
| ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ (ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ, 1280 ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ) . | $6.50 | 20% | ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁ, ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ, ꯑꯦꯂꯥꯋꯦꯟꯁ ꯔꯤꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ & ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯦꯗ꯫ | $4.80 | 15% | ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖꯤꯡ, ꯐꯤꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯝꯕꯂꯤ (ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ) |
| ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ & ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | $1.70 | 5% | ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ, ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯁꯤꯄꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ꯫ |
| ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | $3.30 | 10% | ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ, ꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ ꯏꯅꯁꯥꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯣꯟꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ |
| ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | $1.60 | 5% | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ (ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ) |
| ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | $1.10 | 3% | ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯱꯵꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ |
| ꯁꯕꯇꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ꯫ | $28.50 | 87% | - |
| ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ꯫ | $4.30 | 13% | ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯥ ꯱꯵% ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ) | $32.80 | 100% | EXAMPLE - ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ |
ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫$28.50, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫FOB ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ $16.00 - 56%꯫. ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯚꯤꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ (ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ, ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯄꯁꯟ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ) ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ (ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ, ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯗꯦ꯫
ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.: ꯱.ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯳꯲.꯸꯰/ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫+ ꯑꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫~$15.80+ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ, ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ., ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫~$6.30
ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯂꯁ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯦꯂꯦꯁ: ≈ $55/ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ꯫
FOB ≈ 67% -ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯀꯑꯥꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯱꯳ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛꯁꯅꯤ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯤꯠ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫
10. ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ-ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯃꯋꯥꯔꯛ꯫
ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯤ; ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ 1 - FOB ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯔꯣ
ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯁ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯕꯖꯦꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ: ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ, ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯁꯤ., ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯛ, ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯁꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ 2 - ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ-ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯟ
ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯤꯌꯨ: ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯃꯈꯜ, ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ, ꯁꯣꯛ), ꯕꯦꯆ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯣꯠ꯫ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ - ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ 3 - ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯇꯧ꯫
ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧ: ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯣꯛꯌꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯦꯃꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ 4 - ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯧ
ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔ ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ SKUꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ -ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯞ 5 - ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ, ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯀꯣꯇꯥꯔꯝ, ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ, ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ꯫ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡꯗꯥ ±8%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-ꯕꯥꯏ-ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ - ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫
ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇ꯫
| ꯂꯤꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯒꯦ꯫ | ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇ꯫ |
|---|---|---|
| ꯰.꯲%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯰.꯵% ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯔꯄꯁꯟ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ | ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ + ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$0.40–0.90 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ ꯱.꯰ꯃꯤꯃꯤ → ꯰.꯸ꯃꯤꯃꯤ꯫ | ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ) ꯴. | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$0.30–0.60 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯷-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ → ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ (ꯑꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ) | ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$0.20–0.40 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯵꯰꯰ → ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯲,꯰꯰꯰꯫ | ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$0.80–1.20 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ → ꯖꯤꯔꯣꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ꯫ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$1.00–1.50 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
| ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ | ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫ | ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ −$0.30–0.80 ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫ |
ꯑꯦꯅꯤ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯒꯁꯤꯡ꯫
- ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯲꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ-ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ: ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯝꯃꯤ.
- "ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ"꯫ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯗ-ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ: ꯃꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫
- ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯔꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ: ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.
- ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ꯫ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ: ꯄꯦꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ꯫
ꯕꯣꯠꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ꯫
ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯷ꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ - ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ - ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯔꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ, ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯗꯤꯁꯤꯞꯂꯤꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯚꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ FOB ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕꯦꯀꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯨ, ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧ, ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯄꯣꯖꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ QC ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧ. ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯪꯁꯤꯡ꯫
ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯅꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ?
ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯷: ꯱.ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ (꯲꯵–꯳꯵%) ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ (꯱꯵–꯲꯵%), ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ (꯳–꯸%), ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ (꯸–꯱꯲%), ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ (꯳–꯸%), ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ (꯲–꯸%), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ (꯸–꯲꯰%)꯫ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇ ꯂꯦꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯚꯔꯍꯦꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ, ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ?
ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯤꯌꯁ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫꯱꯲꯶꯰–꯱꯳꯰꯰ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 45–90 ꯔꯣꯝ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 1280 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ-ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ (FOBꯒꯤ 15–25%)ꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤ꯫ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ 1200ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ 1–3% ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ - ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯗꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯤ-ꯚꯤꯠꯔꯣꯁ ꯕꯣꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯇꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯇꯜ ꯀꯤꯂꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯖꯣꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯚꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫
ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯒꯦ?
ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤ꯫ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯣ.ꯕꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯂꯒꯤ ꯸–꯱꯲% ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯅꯤ꯫: ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯷-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯐꯣꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯵-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯷-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯏ ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯰.꯳꯰–꯰.꯵꯰ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯈꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯌꯨ: (1) ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ FOB ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧ; (2) ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ, ꯐꯥꯏꯔꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯀꯥꯔꯇꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; (3) ꯃꯃꯜ - ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ, ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯖ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ, ꯄꯦꯀꯦꯖꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯦꯉ꯭ꯀꯔ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; (꯴) ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ; (꯵) ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ/ꯏꯅꯀꯣꯇꯥꯔꯝ/ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ±꯸%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ-ꯕꯥꯏ-ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ?
ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯃꯣꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯃꯤ - ꯋꯥꯟ-ꯄꯤꯁ ꯇꯣꯏꯂꯦꯠ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯃꯣꯜꯗ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫$6,000–18,000- ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ -ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯱꯰꯰꯰ꯗꯥ, ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯱꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯱꯰.꯰꯰ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ; ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯵,꯰꯰꯰ꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯗꯣꯂꯔ ꯲.꯰꯰ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ-ꯖꯤꯔꯣ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯄꯤꯠ ꯑꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯂꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯟ ꯏꯟ ꯗꯤꯁꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
📋 ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯠꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯐꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
ꯀꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯃꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔ ꯅꯦꯒꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯔꯥ? ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ, ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯄꯣꯔꯇꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯜꯀ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯤꯡꯖꯤ ꯕꯥꯊꯇꯥ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
👉 ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯗꯥꯎꯟ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ & ꯕꯜꯀ ꯀꯣꯠ ꯔꯤꯛꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫
